try(), try() again in Rails

In Rails, try() lets you call methods on an object without having to worry about the possibility of that object being nil and thus raising an exception.  Let’s look at some very simple code from a Rails view.

Before

Here’s a simple example of code you might replace with try(). Say you’ve got a Productmodel in your project. A Product may or may not have a known manufacturer, and some links you only want to display if a user is logged in and has administrator rights:

  <!-- products/show.html.erb (before) -->
  <h1><%= @product.name %></h1>

  <% unless @product.manufacturer.nil? %>
    <%= @product.manufacturer.name %>
  <% end %>

  <% if current_user && current_user.is_admin? %>
    <%= link_to 'Edit', edit_product_path(@product) %>
  <% end %>

 try() can help us in a couple of places here:

Ruby Inheritance, Encapsulation and Polymorphism

Inheritance

Inheritance is a relation between two classes. A child class inherits all the features of its parent class. Methods from the parent can be overridden in the child and new logic can be added.

Usually, inheritance is used to specialize a class. See the following example :

class Document
  def initialize; end

  # logic to deal with any document

  def print
    # logic to print any kind of document
  end
end

—

class XmlDocument < Document
  # logic to deal with any document

  def print
    # logic to print a xml document
  end
end

A class can only inherit from one class as opposed to c++ where multi-inheritance can be done (not always for the better).

Send PDF attachments from Rails with WickedPdf and ActionMailer

In almost any web application you create, the question of generating PDF files will pop up pretty soon. 

Setup

As always, using a ruby gem in rails is pretty simple, you just add a couple of lines to the Gemfile

gem 'wicked_pdf'
#we need the new binary here, so that we can be OS independent
gem 'wkhtmltopdf-binary', github: 'pallymore/wkhtmltopdf-binary-edge', tag: 'v0.12.2'

Usage

This setup will work pretty straightforward in the controllers, because WickedPdf registers :pdf request format, and you can respond to it in the same fashion as html or js in a respond_to block. Code below is copied from the WickedPdf Readme page.

Check if ActiveRecord object is valid with params before updating to Database

To update the attributes without saving them, you can use

@obj.assign_attributes( params[:obj] )

Then to check if the object is valid, you can call

@obj.valid?

If the object is not valid, you can see the errors (only after calling .valid?) by calling

@obj.errors

If the object is valid, you can save it by calling

@obj.save

However, all of this usually isn't necessary. If the object isn't valid, then ActiveRecord won't save the object to the database, so all of the attribute changes are forgotten when you leave the controller action.

Also, since an invalid record won't be saved to the database, you can always just call Object.find() again to get the original object back.